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學術論文可以使用哪些英文連接詞或片語?

作者: Wallace


發布日期: 2014 / 4 / 4,

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學術論文可以使用哪些英文連接詞或片語?

以下是與華樂絲合作過的客戶

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提問:「當撰寫論文時,我發現我經常在每個句子中重複使用同樣的連接詞。因此可以請您告訴我們不同的連接詞及片語,以及它們的使用方式嗎?」

―電子郵件提問,姓名及學校未知。

回答:

您可以使用一些單字或短片語來連接前後的句子、段落以及章節,藉此引導讀者閱讀您的文章。妥善運用連接詞能使您的文章易於被理解;反之,不良的使用則會使整篇文章缺乏條理,甚至會出現過多零散的短句,使讀者難以掌握文章的重點。

了解連接詞的最好方法是透過大量的閱讀

大部分的教科書及論文都是精心編寫而成的,並且運用了許多不同方式來連接句子,建議您在閱讀時多留意當中連接詞的用法,將之學起來並應用在自己的文章中。在寫作時也可以多嘗試使用不同的表達方式,尤其是在較長的文章中。

相關文章推薦:最佳的英文寫作風格:簡潔

不過,請務必要完全了解這些詞所代表的意思,錯誤的使用可能會完全改變您原先想表達的意思。

以下列出了許多連接詞及片語

礙於篇幅的關係,仍有許多其他字詞未被納入。當然,不要忘了最常見的and,它是您在連接兩個較短句子的最佳選擇。

請注意:被歸屬同一類別的字詞並不代表它們有著相同的意思,它們在句子中的位置也有所不同,您可以透過更多的閱讀或查詢字典來了解它們的意思及使用方式。

Listing(條列)

Giving examples(舉例)

Generalizing(概括)

first, second, third

for example

in general

first, furthermore, finally

for instance

generally

to begin, to conclude

as follows:

on the whole

next

that is

as a rule

Reinforcement(加強語氣)

in this case

for the most part

also

namely

in most cases

furthermore

in other words

usually

moreover

Result/consequence(結果)

Highlighting(強調)

what is more

so

in particular

in addition

therefore

particularly

besides

as a result/consequence

especially

above all

accordingly

mainly

as well (as)

consequently

Reformulation(換句話說)

in the same way

because of this/that

in other words

not only … but also

thus

rather

Similarity(相似)

hence

to put it more simply

equally

for this/that reason

Expressing an alternative(表達相反的意思)

likewise

so that

alternatively

similarly

in that case

rather

correspondingly

under these circumstances

on the other hand

in the same way

Deduction(推論)

the alternative is

Transition to new point(帶出新的論點)

then

another possibility would be

now,

in other words

Contrast(對比)

as far as xis concerned

in that case

instead

with regard/reference to

otherwise

conversely

as for …

this implies that …

on the contrary

it follows that

if so/not

in contrast

turning to

Stating the obvious(點出某件事實)

in comparison

Summary(總結)

obviously

Concession(轉折語氣)

in conclusion

clearly

however

to conclude

naturally

even though

in brief

of course

however much

to summarize

as can be expected

nevertheless

overall

surely

still

 

加強語氣

Driving a motorcycle is cheaper and more convenient than owning a car; furthermore, motorcycles are easier to park.

比較

Hsinchu often has the coldest weather in Taiwan in the winter. Conversely, Kaohsiung frequently has the mildest winter temperatures.

結果/後果

Housing prices fell by more than 30% last year. As a result, sales increased by 20%.

概括化

On the whole, his class was well received by students, despite some complaints from new students about grading.

讓步/遷就

New York was a very expensive city, the weather was bad and the people weren’t very friendly. Nevertheless, we will probably return.

 

額外相關閱讀推薦:

  1. 如何正確使用these、they與each other?
  2. 學術論文寫作中使用「as」、「because」或「since」用法
  3. 如何區分Could、Might、Should等情態動詞的使用時機?
  4. 如何分辨optimum/optimal、minimal/minimum 與exclude/except?
  5. Critique、Evaluate、Criticize、Justify、Elaborate及相關單字的差異性為何?
  6. Because of 與 Due to有什麼不同?
  7. 近義字的區別:also、too、likewise、besides、 moreover和furthermore
最佳的學術英文論文寫作風格:內容句子簡潔的寫法
英文論文寫作:分號用法及用途

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