英文研究論文：專有名詞定義的句型解釋與範例

研究論文中用於定義專有名詞的句型

在撰寫學術論文時，作者通常會藉由定義關鍵字或詞組，幫助讀者清楚了解這些名詞，讓他們在這些關鍵名詞出現時，能夠確知其意義。

如果讀者不了解重要字詞的意思，便可能導致誤解。事實上，當研究者意見相左時，大多是因為對同一名詞有不同解釋。也因此，在學術寫作中，作者經常需在進行討論前，探究這些專有名詞不同的詮釋。

相關文章推薦：論文標題：「關鍵字」和「重點」

介紹定義的句型

1. It is necessary here to clarify exactly what is meant by …
2. There is a degree of uncertainty around the terminology in …
3. This shows a need to be explicit about exactly what is meant by the word X.
4. X is a term frequently used in the literature, but to date there is no consensus about …

簡易的三段式定義句型

一般意義或應用上的意義

1. The term X refers to …
2. The term X encompasses A), B), and C).
3. X can be defined as … It encompasses …
4. X can be loosely described as a correlation.
5. The term X has come to be used to refer to …
6. The term X is generally understood to mean …
7. The term X has been applied to situations where students …
8. In the literature, the term tends to be used to refer to …
9. The broad use of the term X is sometimes equated with …
10. Whereas X refers to the operations of …, Y refers to the …
11. The term disease refers to a biological event characterized by …
12. The term X is a relatively new name for a Y, commonly referred to…
13. In broad biological terms, X can be defined as any stimulus that is …
14. Defined as XYZ, obesity is now considered a worldwide epidemic and is associated with …

指出專有名詞難以定義的原因

1. A generally accepted definition of X is lacking.
2. Unfortunately, X remains a poorly defined term.
3. The term X embodies a multitude of concepts which …
4. A further definition is given by Smith (1982) who describes …
5. In the field of language teaching, various definitions of X are found.
6. Smith (2001) identified four abilities that might be subsumed under the term X: a) …
7. Although differences of opinion still exist, there appears to be some agreement that X refers to …
8. X is a commonly-used notion in language learning and yet it is a concept difficult to define precisely.

指定專有名詞在文章或論文中的使用方式

1. The term X will be used solely when referring to …
2. In the present report, X was therefore defined in terms of …
3. In this essay, the term X will be used in its broadest sense to refer to all …
4. In this paper, the term that will be used to describe this phenomenon is X.
5. In this dissertation, the terms X and Y are used interchangeably to mean …
6. Throughout this thesis, the term education is used to refer to informal systems as well as …
7. While a variety of definitions of the term X have been suggested, this paper will use the definition first suggested by Smith (1968) who saw it as …

引用他人定義：著名作者

1. For Smith (2001), fluency means/refers to …
2. Smith (2001) uses the term ‘fluency’ to refer to …
3. Smith (1954) was apparently the first to use the term …
4. The term ‘fluency’ is used by Smith (2001) to refer to …
5. Macro-stabilization policy is defined by Smith (2003: 119) as ‘… …’
6. This definition is close to those of Smith (2012) and Jones (2013) who define X as …
7. In 1987, sports psychologist John Smith popularized the term ‘X’ to describe …
8. According to a definition provided by Smith (2001:23), fluency is ‘the maximally …
9. Aristotle defines the imagination as ‘the movement which results upon an actual sensation.’
10. One of the first people to define nursing was Florence Nightingale (1860), who wrote: ‘… …’
11. Chomsky writes that a grammar is a ‘device of some sort for producing the ….’ (1957, p.11).
12. Smith, has shown that, as late as 1920, Jones was using the term ‘X’ to refer to particular …
13. The term ‘matter’ is used by Aristotle in four overlapping senses. First, it is the underlying … Secondly, it is the potential which …
14. Smith et al. (2002) have provided a new definition of health:
    ‘health is a state of being with physical, cultural, psychological …’

引用他人定義：一般作者

1. Validity is the degree to which an assessment process or device measures what it is intended to measure (Smith et al., 1986).

評述定義

希望您下次在論文中定義專有名詞時，這些句型能對您有所幫助。

額外相關閱讀推薦：

1. 如何確認主詞動詞單複數一致性？
2. 如何正確使用形容詞和名詞
3. 學術寫作可以使用那些連接詞或片語？
4. 來自讀者的兩個文法問題：共同所有格、動名詞與不定詞

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