以介系詞表達時間、地點、介紹物件和空間關係

介系詞是定義一個以上的人事物與另一個人事物間之空間、方向（某物移動的方向）、時間關係的單字或片語。

介系詞可表達抽象和具體的關係。雖然所有的語言都有介系詞，英文的介系詞數量尤其多，而相似的介系詞間有重要的微小差異。本電子報將針對時間、地點、介紹物件的介系詞作概述。

時間、地點、介紹物體的介系詞

On用於星期幾：

• I will see you on Monday.
• The week begins on Sunday.

At 用於中午、晚上、午夜及一整天當中的某個時刻：

• My plane leaves at noon.
• The movie starts at 6 p.m.

In 用於某一個持續的時段，如：月、年、季節：

• He likes to read in the afternoon.
• The days are long in August.
• The book was published in 2022.
• The flowers will bloom in spring.

傳達較長的時間時，英文使用下列介系詞： since、for、by、from… to…、from… until…、during、(with)in。

• She has been gone since yesterday.（＊表從昨天離開，至今仍未歸來。）
• I’m going to New York for two weeks.（＊表將在那裡待兩個禮拜。）
• The movie showed from August to October.（＊表從八月開始，十月結束。）
• The decorations were up from spring until fall.（＊表從春天開始，秋天結束。）
• I watch TV during the evening.（＊指傍晚的一段時間內。）
• We must finish the project within a year.（＊表不長於一年。）

傳達地點的概念時，英文使用下列介系詞：談論某個特定地點時：in；表達內含的某物：inside；談論表面：on；談論大概的鄰近區域：at。

• There is a wasp in the room.
• Put the present inside the box.
• I left your keys on the table.
• She was waiting at the corner.

表達一個物件高於某個點的概念時，英文使用下列的介系詞：over、above。

• He threw the ball over the roof.
• Hang that picture above the couch.

表達一個物件低於某個點的概念時，英文使用下列介系詞：under、underneath、beneath、below。

• The rabbit burrowed under the ground.
• The child hid underneath the blanket.
• We relaxed in the shade beneath the branches.
• The valley is below sea-level.

表達一個物件靠近某個點的概念時，英文使用下列介系詞：near、by、next to、between、among、opposite。

• She lives near the school.
• There is an ice cream shop by the store.
• An oak tree grows next to my house.
• The house is between Elm Street and Maple Street.
• I found my pen lying among the books.
• The bathroom is opposite that room.

英文使用下列介系詞引介下列動詞帶出的物件：

At：glance、laugh、look、rejoice、smile、stare

• She took a quick glance at her reflection.（mirror為例外：She took a quick glance in the mirror.）
• You didn’t laugh at his joke.
• I’m looking at the computer monitor.
• We rejoiced at his safe rescue.
• That pretty girl smiled at you.
• Stop staring at me.

Of：approve、consist、smell

• I don’t approve of his speech.
• My contribution to the article consists of many pages.
• He came home smelling of alcohol.

Of (about)：dream、think

• I dream of finishing college in four years.
• Can you think of a number between one and ten?
• I am thinking about this problem.

For：call、hope、look、wait、watch、wish

• Did someone call for a taxi?
• He hopes for a raise in salary next year.
• I’m looking for my keys.
• We’ll wait for her here.
• You go buy the tickets and I’ll watch for the train.
• If you wish for an “A” in this class, you must work hard.

空間關係用的介系詞

空間關係用的介系詞，用來表達句中主詞的所在位置，或是動作發生的位置。

Above

Write your name above the line.

Across

Draw a line across the page.

Against

She leans against the tree.

Ahead of

The girl is ahead of the boy.

Along

There is lace along the edge of the cloth.

Among

He is among the trees.

Around

Draw a circle around the answer.

Behind

The boy is behind the girl.

Below

Write your name below the line.

Beneath

He sat beneath the tree.

Beside

The girl is standing beside the boy.

Between

She is between two trees.

From

He came from the house.

In front of

The girl is in front of the boy.

Inside

He is inside the house.

Nearby

There is a tree nearby the house.

Off

His hat is off.

Out of

He came out of the house.

Through

She went through the door.

Toward

She is walking toward the house.

Under

He is hiding under the table.

Within

Please mark only within the circle.

總結以上常用介系詞表達時間、地點、介紹物件和空間關係的概念，希望對您有所助益。

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